Cook the pasta according to package directions until al dente. Reserve about 1 cup of the pasta water before draining. Set the drained pasta aside.
Season the chicken pieces generously with salt and pepper.
Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add the chicken and cook until browned and cooked through, about 5-7 minutes. Remove the chicken from the skillet and set it aside.
Reduce the heat to medium. Add the butter to the same skillet. Once melted, add the minced garlic and cook for about 1 minute until fragrant, being careful not to burn it.
Pour in the chicken broth and heavy cream. Bring the mixture to a gentle simmer, scraping up any browned bits from the bottom of the pan.
Stir in the Italian seasoning. Let the sauce simmer for 2-3 minutes until it thickens slightly.
Reduce the heat to low. Gradually stir in the grated Parmesan cheese until the sauce is smooth.
Return the cooked chicken to the skillet. Add the drained pasta. Toss everything together to coat the pasta and chicken evenly with the sauce.
If the sauce seems too thick, add the reserved pasta water, one splash at a time, until you reach your desired consistency.
Taste and adjust seasoning with more salt and pepper if needed.
Serve immediately, garnished with fresh parsley and extra Parmesan cheese.
Notes
For a richer flavor, use freshly grated Parmesan cheese instead of pre-shredded.
You can add spinach or sun-dried tomatoes along with the chicken for extra vegetables.
If you prefer a tangier sauce, add 1 teaspoon of lemon juice at the end.